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Friday, February 28, 2020

The HINDU Notes – 27th February 2020

08:14

📰 Cabinet approves surrogacy Bill

Bill will benefit widows and divorced women besides infertile Indian couples.

•The Union Cabinet on Wednesday approved the Surrogacy (Regulation) Bill, 2020, allowing a “willing” woman to be a surrogate mother and proposing that the Bill would benefit widows and divorced women besides infertile Indian couples.

•The Cabinet approved the Surrogacy (Regulation) Bill after incorporating the recommendations of a Rajya Sabha Select Committee, Minister Prakash Javadekar said at a press conference on Wednesday.

•The 15 major changes suggested by the 23-member committee to the Surrogacy (Regulation) Bill, 2019, also included deleting the definition of “infertility” as the inability to conceive after five years of unprotected intercourse on the ground that it was too long a period for a couple to wait for a child.

•“The Bill is aimed at banning commercial surrogacy and allowing altruistic surrogacy”, said Mr. Javadekar.

•Union Minister for Women and Child Development Smriti Irani added that only Indian couples can opt for surrogacy in the country.

•The Bill proposes to regulate surrogacy by establishing a National Surrogacy Board and State Surrogacy Boards and appropriate authorities in the States and Union Territories respectively. The proposed insurance cover for a surrogate mother has now been increased to 36 months from 16 months earlier.

📰 When to call in the Army

Armed Forces are called in by civil power when public security is in “manifest danger” from an unlawful assembly

•The Armed Forces are called in by the civil power when public security is in “manifest danger” from an unlawful assembly which is refusing to disperse despite the efforts of police forces.

•The procedure for use of Armed Forces to disperse a mob bent on violence is provided in Sections 130 to 132 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC) of 1973. The Defence Service Regulations also act as an extensive guide to procedure for calling in the Armed Forces and also how they should operate while on duty, especially if they have to use fire power to restore peace.

Step-by-step process

•Chapter 10 of the CrPC under the title ‘Maintenance of Public Order and Tranquillity’ provide the step-by-step process for calling in the Armed Forces for help. The first provision in the chapter, Section 129, deals with the dispersal of a violent mob using civil forces.

•However, if this happen to fail, Section 130 steps in. The provision empowers the “Executive Magistrate of the highest rank,” in situations of gravest danger to public security, to write to “any officer-in-command of any group of persons belonging to the Armed Forces to disperse the assembly with the help of the Armed Forces under his command.” Rioters can also be arrested or confined in order to either disperse the mob or punish them in accordance with the law.

•The provision allows the Armed Forces officer-in-command concerned to comply with the Magistrate’s requisition for aid in a manner “as he thinks fit.” But in dispersing the unlawful assembly and restoring calm, the Armed Forces should use as “little force” as possible and causing as “little injury to person and property as may be consistent with dispersing the assembly and arresting and detaining such persons.”

Incommunicado situation

•Section 131 considers a situation in which the Executive Magistrate is somehow incommunicado and the riot situation is full-blown. In such cases, “any commissioner or gazetted officer of the Armed Forces may disperse the unlawful assembly with the help of the Armed Forces under his command.” But the officer has to comply with the instructions of the Magistrate once communication is established with the latter.

•Section 132 protects the officers and members of the Armed Forces from prosecution for acts done in good faith in the course of their duties to contain the riot.

•The Defence Service Regulations specifies that requisition for help from the civilian power to the Armed Forces officer should either be in writing or by telegram. The Forces should immediately come to the aid of the civil power for maintenance of law and order.

•The strength and composition of the force, the amount of ammunition, arms and equipment to be taken and the manner of carrying out the operations are matters for the Armed Forces alone.

📰 Centre to revamp IT Act
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Daily Current Affairs, 27th February 2020

08:00


1) World NGO Day observed globally on 27 February
•World NGO Day is observed globally on 27 February. The day aims to raise awareness about the Non-Governmental Organisation (NGO) sector. The day is observed every year to encourage people worldwide who are involved and dedicatedly working for a good cause. The day highlights the achievements and success of NGOs from all the sectors across the globe. The day makes people understand the role of NGOs in society.

 History of NGO Day

 •The observation of World NGO Day was founded in 2009 by Law student Marcis Liors Skadmanis. The observation of the day was officially declared by 12 countries on 17 April 2010. It was internationally recognized on 27 February 2014 by United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).

2) Capacity Building Programme for Scheduled Tribe Pri Representatives
•A Programme for Capacity Building of Scheduled Tribe Representatives in Local Self Governments has been launched in Bhubhaneswar, Odisha. The programme was launched by the Union Tribal Affairs Minister Shri Arjun Munda. “1000 Spring Initiatives” and an online portal on GIS-based Spring Atlas with hydrological and chemical properties of the Springs were also launched during the event. FRA Atlas of Odisha and short documentary film on FRA in Odisha were also released on the occasion.

 About “Capacity Building Programme for Scheduled Tribe Pri Representatives”:

 •The Capacity Building initiative aims to empower the tribal PRI representatives by improving their decision making capabilities at local government level. It also stresses on constitutional and legal provisions that safeguards and supports the rights and welfare of the tribal population. The above programme will also ensure the participation of ST PRIs representatives in planning, execution and monitoring of policies and programmes launched by the government.

 About ‘1000 Springs Initiative’:

 •‘1000 Springs Initiative’ aims to improve the accessibility of safe and adequate water for the tribal communities who are living in difficult and inaccessible areas of rural India. Springs are basically natural sources of groundwater discharge which have been used extensively in the mountainous regions across the world as well as in India. The ‘1000 Springs Initiative’ includes the provision of infrastructure for piped water supply for drinking; accessibility of water for irrigation and provision for water for backyard nutrition gardens, which is also expected to generate sustainable livelihood opportunities for the tribal people. The initiative will support in harnessing the potential of perennial springs’ water which can also be used to address the natural scarcity of water in tribal areas.

 Online portal on GIS-based Spring Atlas

 •Online portal on GIS-based Spring Atlas has been introduced to improve the accessibility of these data easily from an online platform. Currently the data of more than 170 springs is being available on the Spring Atlas.

3) Maharashtra to conserve the native species of cattle through genetic study
•Maharashtra government has decided to undertake the genetic study for the conservation of the native species of domesticated animals. The genetic study aims to conserve the native species of domesticated animals in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra.

 •Under this project, the study of genetic traits of Osmanabadi goat, Red Kandhari cow, Deoni bull, Caravan or Pashmi dogs will be done as the number of pure breeds of these animals is on the decline. The project will also include the analysis of their abilities and adaptation capabilities. The project will be funded by the Maharashtra government.

4) Bhubaneswar to host 24th Meeting of the Eastern Zonal Council
•The 24th Meeting of the Eastern Zonal Council will be held in Bhubaneswar, Odisha. The Meeting of the Eastern Zonal Council will be chaired by the Union Minister for Home Affairs, Shri Amit Shah. Naveen Patnaik, the Chief Minister of Odisha will be the Vice-Chairman and host of the meeting. The meeting will feature the participation of the States of Bihar, Jharkhand, Odisha and West Bengal. The participating states will discuss various issues including power transmission lines, investigation of heinous offences, inter-State water issues, petroleum projects and various other issues. The above issues are expected to be resolved by consensus in the meeting.

 •The 23rd Meeting of the Eastern Zonal Council was held in Kolkata, West Bengal.

 Background of the meeting:

 •Under Section 15-22 of the States Reorganization Act, 1956, five Zonal Councils were set up in the year 1957. According to the act, these 5 councils will be chaired by the Union Home Minister and the Chief Minister of the host State will act as the Vice-Chairman of the council meeting. The Zonal Council takes up issues involving Centre and States, and among Member-States falling in the Zone. It also provides a forum for resolving disputes between the states.

 •The Zonal Councils also deliberates on wide range of issues including boundary related disputes, security, infrastructure related matters like road, industries, water and power etc., matters pertaining to forests & environment, housing, tourism, food security, education, transport, etc.

5) Delhi hosts 91st Annual General Meeting of the ICAR Society
•The 91st Annual General Meeting of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) Society was held in Delhi. The Annual General Meeting was chaired by the Union Minister for Agriculture & Farmers’ Welfare, Shri Narendra Singh Tomar. During the meeting, the minister announced that in order to promote cooperative farming, government will soon register 10,000 new Farmer Producer Organisations (FPOs). The government has also made a budgetary provision to provide each FPO a sum of Rs. 15 lakh for all farming related activities including sowing, harvesting along with distribution and marketing.

6) 6th Coast Guard Offshore Patrol Vessel “VAJRA” launched
•The 6th Coast Guard Offshore Patrol Vessel (OPV) “VAJRA” has been launched in Chennai. The Coast Guard’s Offshore Patrol Vessel is expected to strengthen the efforts Indian Coast Guard in securing the vast coastline of over 7500 km, including an exclusive economic zone (EEZ) of over 20 lakh sq kms.

 •OPV “VAJRA” is the 6th vessel in the series of seven OPV projects. The Offshore Patrol Vessel has been built by M/s L&T Shipbuilding under the ‘Make in India’ policy. OPV Vajra is a state of the art platform which will increase the capabilities of Indian Coast Guard in terms of Operation, Surveillance, Search & Rescue. The OPV is empowered with two Navigation Radars along with ultra-modern technology, Sophisticated navigational and latest communication systems. The OPV will help the Indian Coast Guard in executing day and night patrol/surveillance along with anti-terrorist/ anti-smuggling operations in the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) as well as Coastal Security.

7) RAISE 2020 Summit to be held in New Delhi
•The Government of India (GoI) announced the mega event, RAISE 2020- ‘Responsible AI for Social Empowerment 2020,’ to be held from April 11-12 in New Delhi. RAISE 2020 is India’s first Artificial Intelligence summit to be organized by the Government in partnership with Industry & Academia.

 •The summit will be attended by experts of Artificial Intelligence from all over the world. It will focus on using AI towards social empowerment, transformation and inclusion and also in other key areas such as agriculture, healthcare, smart mobility and education. It is essential to implement AI in social transformation as it will help in bringing regulatory changes. It will improve the efficiency of workplaces.

8) Jawed Ashraf becomes India’s next Ambassador to France
•Jawed Ashraf has been appointed as the next Ambassador of India to France. He is presently High Commissioner of India to the Republic of Singapore. He was a 1991 batch Indian Foreign Service (IFS) officer. He will succeed Vinay Mohan Kwatra. Vinay Mohan Kwatra will become the next Ambassador of India to Nepal, he will succeed Manjeev Singh Puri. Vinay Mohan Kwatra was a 1988 batch IFS officer.

9) India-UK joint Air Force Exercise Indra Dhanush Exercise 2020 began
•The 5th edition of the Exercise Indra Dhanush 2020 commenced on 24th February. It is a joint air force exercise between Indian Air Force (IAF) and British Royal Air Forces (RAF) has commenced at Air Force Station Hindan in Uttar Pradesh (UP).

 •‘Base Defence and Force Protection’ was the focus of this year exercise. 36 specialised combatants from RAF Regiment & 42 combatants of the GARUD Force from IAF team participated in this exercise with para drops from C-130J aircraft, tactical insertions by Mi-17 V5 helicopters and use of various airborne sensors.

 •During the exercise, both the elements of the air force will share and jointly validate strategies and tactics to tackle terror threats to their installations. Both the forces also to take up various missions including Airfield Seizure, Base Defence and anti-terror operations in Urban built-up zones.

10) Rajesh Kumar becomes new MD & CEO of CIBIL
•TransUnion Cibil, the largest credit information bureau appointed Rajesh Kumar of HDFC Bank as its new managing director and chief executive. He will succeed Satish Pillai who has moved to become the president of Asia region business of the US-based company. Prior to joining Cibil, Kumar was the group head for retail credit and risk at HDFC Bank. He will be responsible for steering Cibil India’s business into the next phase by ensuring it continues to support the domestic finance industry and consumers.
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Thursday, February 27, 2020

THE HINDU NEWSPAPER IMPORTANT ARTICLES 27.02.2020

12:23
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7th JPSC Recruitment Notification PDF Download

06:49

7th JPSC Recruitment Notification PDF Download


Click Here to download 7th JPSC Recruitment Notification PDF
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 Online Applications will start from 01.03.2020

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Wednesday, February 26, 2020

Daily Current Affairs, 26th February 2020

15:40





1) 1st anniversary of National War Memorial being observed
•The first anniversary of the iconic National War Memorial is being observed on 25th February. The memorial is a fitting tribute to those heroes who sacrificed their lives in the line of duty during various wars and internal security challenges since Independence. The monument was dedicated to the nation by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 25th February last year. Chief of the Defence Staff General Bipin Rawat and veterans from the three services will lay wreaths and pay homage to the fallen soldiers.

 •The National War Memorial commemorates the soldiers who made supreme sacrifice during the Counter Insurgency Operations and Peace Keeping Missions. More than 25 thousand soldiers of the Indian Armed Forces have laid down their lives to defend the country’s sovereignty and integrity. For the first time, Prime Minister Narendra Modi paid homage to the fallen soldiers at National War Memorial instead of the Amar Jawan Jyoti on Republic Day this year. The memorial helps in strengthening the sense of high moral values, sacrifice and national pride in the citizens. Over the last year, more than 21 lakh people including dignitaries, both domestic and foreign, have visited the memorial.

2) Govt of Andhra Pradesh launched ‘Jagananna Vasthi Deevena’ scheme for students
•Andhra Pradesh Chief Minister Y S Jagan Mohan Reddy has launched a scheme named ‘Jagananna Vasthi Deevena’. This scheme is for students pursuing various post-Intermediate courses to meet hostel and mess expenses.

 Benefits of the scheme:

 •The scheme would provide financial assistance of Rs 2,300 crore in total. In total, 11,87,904 students pursuing ITI, polytechnic, under-graduate and post-graduate education would benefit from the scheme.

 •ITI students would get Rs 10,000 each, polytechnic students would get Rs 15,000 and under-graduates and post-graduates Rs 20,000 each.

 •The students would get the amount in two installments directly in their bank accounts. They will get in February and July every year.

3) MP becomes 1st state to launch unified vehicle registration card
•Madhya Pradesh has become the 1st state in the country to introduce the unified registration card and the 2nd state to launch the unified driving license after Uttar Pradesh. The new cards will have more exhaustive information printed on both sides of the cards. It will also bear a unique number recognized across the country.

 •The unified smart cards for the driving license and vehicle registration will each have a QR code that will help in verifying the authenticity of the data printed on the cards. The unified driving license card will also have information about the ability of the driver to drive in hilly and dangerous areas and an emergency contact number. Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH) had issued the guidelines to bring uniformity in driving licenses and vehicle registration cards across the country in March last year. These cards are being issued in compliance with these guidelines.

4) Losar festival celebrated in Himachal Pradesh
•Losar festival was celebrated at Dharamshala, Himachal Pradesh. The festival is celebrated on the 1st day of the lunisolar Tibetan calendar also called Tibetan New Year. Losar is a festival in Tibetan Buddhism. Prayers were offered at Dorje Drak Monastery in Shimla. Cultural events were held in different parts of the state as the Tibetan community celebrated the festival.




5) Gandhinagar hosts cultural fair “Vasantotsav” at Sanskruti Kunj
•The department of Youth and cultural Affairs, Government of Gujarat has organised cultural festival called “Vasantotsav”. The annual festival was held at Sanskruti Kunj in Gandhinagar, Gujarat to celebrate the rich diverse heritage of the country.

 •The cultural festival “Vasantotsav” was held with the theme of “Ek Bhaart Shreshth Bharat”. The festival also featured the participation of artists from across India and was inaugurated with a folk dance form of Chhattisgarh i.e. Panthi dance. Chhattisgarh has been paired with Gujarat under the Central Government’s scheme “Ek Bharat Shresth Bharat”.

6) India & US sign defence deals worth $3 billion
•India and the United States finalized defence deals worth 3 billion dollars. India has agreed to purchase USD 3 billion worth advanced American military equipment including Apache and MH-60 Romeo helicopters, which are the finest in the world.

 •The deals were signed after delegation-level talks between Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi and visiting US President Donald Trump. Under a USD 2.6 billion deal, India will buy 24 MH-60 Romeo helicopters from Lockheed Martin for the Indian Navy. Another contract to acquire six AH-64E Apache helicopters for USD 800 million from aerospace giant Boeing has also been sealed.

 •Defence and security ties between India and the US have been on an upswing in the last six years. The bilateral defence trade touched USD 18 billion marks in 2019, reflecting growing defence cooperation between the two sides.

7) BIMSTEC to connect 3000 km long power grid from Myanmar-Thailand to India
•Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC) is working on a project of connecting about 3,000 kilometre-long power grid from Myanmar-Thailand to India.

 •The above announcement was made during the inauguration of the Conference on Enhancing Energy Cooperation in the BIMSTEC Region, which was held in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The 3,000 kilometre-long BIMSTEC regional power grid will come up with various advantages. The member country’s demand of energy will be ensured with the introduction of power grid. It will also benefit consumers with uninterrupted power supply at economical prices.

 •The 3,000 kilometre-long BIMSTEC regional power grid will be established on the basis of memorandum of understanding signed by the BIMSTEC countries in 2018. BIMSTEC is a regional group of seven countries including Bhutan, India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Nepal, Thailand and Myanmar. The group promotes regional cooperation by keeping in mind an objective of rapid economic development.

8) ISRO to launch Geo Imaging Satellite “GISAT-1”
•The Indian Space Research Organisation will launch the Geo Imaging Satellite “GISAT-1”. GISAT-1 will be launched by Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV-F10) from the Second Launch Pad of Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC) SHAR, Sriharikota. The launch of GISAT-1 has been tentatively scheduled at 17:43 Hrs IST on March 05, 2020.

 About GISAT-1:

 •The Geo Imaging Satellite “GISAT-1” is an agile Earth observation satellite which has been planned to be placed in a Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit by GSLV-F10. The satellite weighing about 2275 kg will reach the final geostationary orbit with the help of onboard propulsion system installed on it. The GSLV flight will be carrying an Ogive shaped payload having a diameter of 4 metre.

9) NPCI launches UPI awareness campaign “UPI Chalega”
•National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) has launched an industry campaign named “UPI Chalega” to promote UPI as Easy, Safe, and Instant mode of payment. The “UPI Chalega” campaign is aimed to guide users towards the right usage of Unified Payments Interface (UPI) and help create a habitual change, use of UPI in their daily life. NPCI has launched the campaign in association with the payment ecosystem players.

 •The UPI, which is a real time fund transfer interface, has significantly scaled since its launch in August 2016 when 92,000 transactions worth Rs 3.1 crore were processed on the NPCI operated platform to over 1.3 billion transactions worth Rs 2.16 trillion in January 2020.

 10) Abhay Kumar Singh becomes new CMD of NHPC
•Hydropower giant National Hydroelectric Power Corporation (NHPC) announced the appointment of Abhay Kumar Singh as the company’s Chairman & Managing Director. He will replace Ratish Kumar. In 1983, he completed his Civil Engineering from NIT (National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, West Bengal). He joined NFPC at Tanakpur HE(Hydro-Electric) Project as a Probationary executive in 1985 & played a vital role in many hydroelectric projects for 35 years.
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