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Thursday, May 13, 2021

THE HINDU NEWSPAPER IMPORTANT ARTICLES 13.05.2021

07:52
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Wednesday, May 12, 2021

Daily Current Affairs, 12th May 2021

17:30

 


1)  International Nurses Day observed globally on 12 May

•International Nurse Day is observed globally on 12 May every year. This day is observed to commemorate the birth anniversary of Florence Nightingale. She was also known as Lady with the Lamp. She was the founder of modern nursing and was a British social reformer and statistician.


•The theme of 2021 International Nurses Day is ‘Nurses: A Voice to Lead – A vision for future healthcare’.


2)  Indian and Indonesian navies conduct exercise in Arabian sea

•The Indian and Indonesian Navies conducted Passage Exercise (PASSEX) in the southern Arabian Sea with a focus on further improving their interoperability. The exercise was aimed at improving interoperability and understanding between both the friendly navies.


•From the Indian Navy, INS Sharda, an Offshore Patrol Vessel (OPV) with a Chetak helicopter participated in the exercise. From the Indonesian Navy, KRI Sultan Hasanudin, a 90m Corvette took part in the exercise.


3)  Padmakumar Nair Appointed As CEO Of National Asset Reconstruction Company

•Padmakumar M Nair has been appointed as the CEO of the proposed National Asset Reconstruction Company Ltd. Presently Padmakumar is the Chief General Manager of Stressed Assets Resolution Group at SBI.


4)  Nomura Revises GDP Growth Estimate of India in FY22 to 10.8%

•Nomura has cut the GDP growth estimate of India for the current 2021-22 fiscal (FY22) to 10.8 per cent from the earlier projection of 12.6 per cent. The cut in the GDP rate is due to the impact of the second wave-induced lockdowns. Nomura is a Japanese brokerage having its headquarter in Tokyo.


5)  Moody’s Projects India’s GDP Forecast for FY22 to 9.3%

•The rating agency Moody’s has cut the gross domestic product (GDP) forecast of India for FY22 (01 April 2021-31 March 2022) to 9.3 per cent. Earlier this rate was projected at 13.7 per cent.  The downward revision in GDP estimates is due to the second wave of Covid infections across the country, which have triggered localised lockdowns and mobility curbs.


6)  United Nations: India Projected To Grow At 10.1% In 2022

•The United Nations has projected that the Indian economy would grow at 10.1 per cent in the calendar year 2022, nearly double the 5.9 per cent growth forecast for the country in the January report. But cautioned that the growth outlook of 2021 was “highly fragile” as the country was the “new hotbed of the pandemic.”


•The mid-year update said that India will register a 7.5-per cent growth rate in the calendar year 2021, after an estimated contraction of 6.8 per cent in 2020.


7)  IREDA conferred with Green Urja Award

•Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency Ltd (IREDA) has been conferred with the “Green Urja Award” for being the Leading Public Institution in the Financing Institution for Renewable Energy this year by the Indian Chamber of Commerce (ICC). IREDA gets the award for the pivotal and developmental role it plays in Green Energy Financing.


•Despite the pandemic time, IREDA has ended the year 2020-21 ended on a strong note and disbursed the second-highest (from the date of inception) amount of loan amounting to Rs. 8827 crore, which indicates that IREDA has the ability to translate this problem into an opportunity.


8)  Puducherry becomes ‘Har Ghar Jal’ UT

•Puducherry has achieved the target of 100% piped water connection in rural areas under the Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM). Earlier, Goa, Telangana and Andaman & Nicobar Islands have provided tap water supply to every rural home under Jal Jeevan Mission. So, Puducherry is the fourth State/UT to provide assured tap water supply to every rural home under Jal Jeevan Mission.


•Jal Jeevan Mission is being implemented in partnership with States/ UTs to provide safe tap water to every rural home by 2024. The State of Punjab and the UTs of Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman & Diu have covered over 75% of rural homes with assured tap water supply.


9)  Mayflower 400: World’s First Unmanned Vessel To Navigate Across Atlantic

•World’s First Unmanned Vessel named “Mayflower 400” is set to Navigate Across the Atlantic. It has been built by the marine research organization ProMare in collaboration with IBM. It will begin its transatlantic voyage on May 15, 2021, to track aquatic mammals, analyze plastic in the water, and study marine pollution.

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The HINDU Notes – 12th May 2021

13:04

 


📰 Questions remain on DRDO’s COVID drug

Experts flag lack of published data on performance in human trials, history of drug’s use in cancer cure

•A drug developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and approved by the Drug Controller General of India (DCGI) for “emergency use” in those with moderate to severe COVID may soon make its way to hospitals for treating moderate and severely ill patients, but independent experts say that from the information so far available, the drug's utility in COVID care has not been established.

•The lack of published data on its performance in human trials, opaqueness on whether the phase-3 trial objectively evaluated the benefit from, or lack of it, of the drug and the drug's history — of being an unapproved anti-cancer drug and therefore potentially able to harm healthy cells — some of the concerns contributing to the uncertainty, experts told The Hindu.

•2-Deoxy-D-Glucose drug has historically been extensively tested for treating cancer but is so far an unapproved drug.

•The Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), a lab of the DRDO, in collaboration with Dr Reddy’s Laboratories (DRL), Hyderabad, too has been studying this drug, in the context of radiation therapy for cancer.

•The drug had been tested in trials and was given to Dr Reddy’s Laboratories in 2014 as part of a collaboration, according to Dr. Sudhir Chandna, Additional Director, INMAS, DRDO. The basic mechanism of the drug involves inhibiting glycolysis, or one of the ways in which cells break down glucose for energy. This approach while used to starve and kill cancer cells, could in theory work in inhibiting virus cells too, that were almost entirely dependent on glycolysis for replication.

•Tests at the Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, last year indicated that the drug demonstrably killed virus cells after which it progressed to trials in people. Dr Reddy's Labs approached a Subject Expert Committee (SEC) of the DCGI for permission to commercially market and furnishing data from a Phase-2 trial to evaluate the optimum dosage of the drug. The SEC, however, recommended a larger Phase-3 trial “with adequate sample size” and “clearly defined” criteria to evaluate if the drug demonstrably cured COVID.

•Dr Reddy's in its application to the SEC for Phase-2 trials in June 2020, noted that while the drug was yet unapproved, it had been tried in 218 clinical trials so far as an anti-cancer drug.

•“Dr Reddy’s believes that this could potentially result in a preferential and disproportionately high accumulation of 2-DG in inflamed lung tissue of COVID-19 patients thereby leading to starvation in the lung cells, which in turn would lead to inhibition of viral replication,” their statement noted.

•Annoucing the success of the drug, a press statement from from the DRDO said: “Clinical trial results have shown that this molecule helps in faster recovery of hospitalised patients and reduces supplemental oxygen dependence. Higher proportion of patients treated with 2-DG showed RT-PCR negative conversion in COVID patients.”

•A “significantly higher proportion” of patients improved symptomatically, were free from supplemental oxygen dependence (42% vs 31% (in those who didn't get the drug) by Day-3 in comparison to SoC, indicating an early relief from oxygen therapy/dependence, the statement noted.

•“Cancer cells depend heavily on glucose for their survival and hence by tagging them with 2DG we can restrict cancer cell growth. Similarly, it can also affect high glucose utilising normal cells like brain cells (neurons) and could cause brain related side effects,” Dr. Cyriac Abby Philips, who specialised in Hepatology and Liver Transplant Medicine, at Rajagiri Hospital in Kerala said in an email.

•He perused the available literature on the drug and observed that the safety profile of the drug was “still questionable” At a dose of 63 mg/kg/day, a clinical trial had observed cardiac side-effects and cast doubt on the feasibility of this drug for further clinical use in cancer patients. The sample size of 220 as mentioned in the CTRI (an ICMR website where all human trials must be registered) was inadequate for assessing safety profile along with efficacy, he noted.

•Dr. Chandna told The Hindu that a detailed publication was due next month. The phase-3 trial having been conducted in 27 hospitals spanning several States, in the middle of a pandemic, meant that data “hadn't been uploaded” from some sites. He, however, said the necessary data had been submitted to the DCGI, based on which the emergency use authorisation had been given. He added that in the set of patients who got the drug, there was “complete recovery” and there was “statistically significant improvement” in those who got the drug.

•A properly conducted trial must be double blinded and the expected outcomes be clearly defined. This wasn't apparent in the trial details, said Dr Sahaj Rathi, Assistant Professor, Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India, in an email. “The CTRI website has very limited information. For example, the primary outcome is listed as “efficacy of 2DG as adjunctive therapy”, which is not an outcome. Outcomes are supposed to be objective, and tangible, eg- survival, duration of hospitalisation, proportion of patients requiring mechanical ventilation.”

•In the 1970's, the drug had previously been tried as an antiviral against influenza, as a stimulator for gastric acid secretion and had been experimented with as a lone therapy or an add-on to cancer chemotherapy drugs, he noted. He said that he wouldn't recommend the drug until peer-reviewed phase 2 and phase 3 data was published.

•Rathi described the claimed result, of 42% of patients on the drug improving symptomatically and being free from supplemental oxygen within three days, against 31% who didn't, as needing more substantiation

•“Was this improvement sustained? Did it actually prevent patients from going onto the ventilator? Did it prevent deaths,” were crucial questions that so far lacked answers.

📰 What is happening in Jerusalem?

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Insights IAS Prelims 2021 Government Schemes PDF

09:33

Insights IAS Prelims 2021 Government Schemes PDF

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THE HINDU NEWSPAPER IMPORTANT ARTICLES 12.05.2021

09:02
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Tuesday, May 11, 2021

Shankar IAS Target 2021 Environment & Geography I PDF

17:15

 Shankar IAS Target 2021 Environment & Geography I PDF

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Daily Current Affairs, 11th May 2021

17:07

 


1)  India celebrates National Technology Day on 11th May

•National Technology Day is celebrated on 11 May across India. This day marks the successfully tested Shakti-I nuclear missile at the Indian Army’s Pokhran Test Range in Rajasthan. This day will be focusing on rebooting the economy through Science and Technology. It also highlights the achievements of our scientists and engineers in the field of science and technology and encourages students to embrace Science as a career option.


2)  ISRO develops 3 cost-effective ventilators, oxygen concentrator

•The Indian Space Research Organisation’s Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC), has developed three different types of ventilators and an oxygen concentrator at a time when a shortage of this critical medical equipment resulted in the deaths of many Covid-19 patients across the country. Based on designs, features and specifications, we have named them, Prana, VaU and Svasta. All three are user-friendly, fully automated and with touch-screen specifications, meeting all safety standards.


•Technology transfer will be done for the commercial production of these three ventilators and the one oxygen concentrator by this month itself. Likely to be priced around ₹1 lakh, the ventilators developed by the ISRO were cost-effective and easy to handle compared to the mini conventional ventilators that are currently priced around ₹5 lakh.


3)  NITI Aayog, Mastercard release report on Connected Commerce

•The NITI Aayog has released a report titled ‘Connected Commerce: Creating a Roadmap for a Digitally Inclusive Bharat’. NITI Aayog has released the report in collaboration with Mastercard. The report identifies the various challenges faced in accelerating digital financial inclusion in India and also provides recommendations for making digital services accessible to its 1.3 billion citizens.


4)  SpaceX to launch ‘DOGE-1 Mission to the Moon’

•Elon Musk-owned SpaceX is set to launch the “DOGE-1 Mission to the Moon”, the first-ever commercial lunar payload, paid entirely in the cryptocurrency Dogecoin. The satellite is scheduled to be launched in the first quarter of 2022 onboard the Falcon 9 rocket. The dogecoin-funded mission is led by the Canadian company Geometric Energy Corporation (GEC).


5)  Ujjwala Singhania takes over as 38th National President FICCI FLO

•Ujjwala Singhania has been appointed as the National President of FICCI Ladies Organization (FLO), the oldest women-led & women-centric business chamber of Southeast Asia. As the 38th National President of FLO Singhania will focus on empowering women by facilitating an enabling environment that promotes entrepreneurship, industry participation and economic development of women.


•Under her leadership, FLO will carry out many interventions towards fostering larger contributions of women in India’s Industrial and economic growth story.


6)  Indian-origin expert Sankar Ghosh elected to National Academy of Sciences

•Sankar Ghosh, an award-winning Indian-origin immunologist, has been elected to the prestigious National Academy of Sciences in recognition of his “distinguished and continuing achievements in original research. He was among the 120 newly elected members announced by the Academy.


7)  CBSE launches ‘Dost for Life’ mobile app

•Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) has launched a new mobile app for students and parents. The new app ‘Dost for Life’ is an exclusive psychological counselling app for students and parents of CBSE-affiliated schools. The new App will simultaneously cater to students and parents from CBSE-affiliated schools in different geographies across the world.


8)  Dr Tahera Qutbuddin 1st Indian To Win Arab World Nobel Prize

•Mumbai born, Dr Tahera Qutbuddin, a professor of Arabic Literature at the University of Chicago, recently became the first person of Indian-origin to win the 15th Sheikh Zayed Book Award. The award is considered to be the Nobel Prize of the Arab world. She won the award for her latest book, “Arabic Oration – Art and Function” published by Brill Academic Publishers of Leiden in 2019.


•In the book, she puts forth a comprehensive theory of Arabic literature in its foundational oral period dating the seventh and eighth centuries AD. She discusses its influence on modern-day sermons and lectures as well.


9)  Tripura Launches Auro Scholarship Programme of Sri Aurobindo Society

•Education Minister of Tripura, Ratan Lal Nath launched the ‘Auro Scholarship Programme’ of Sri Aurobindo Society for all the students of the state. Auro Scholarship Programme provides the monthly micro-scholarship to the students in order to motivate them towards achieving better learning outcomes once students achieve benchmark performance in 10-min curriculum-aligned Quizzes.


10)  Pakistan’s Babar Azam Wins ICC Players of the Month for April 2021

•Pakistani skipper Babar Azam has been named the ICC Men’s Player of the Month for April 2021 for his consistent and stellar performances across all formats in the recently concluded series against South Africa. The ICC Player of the Month Awards recognise and celebrate the best performances from both male and female cricketers across all forms of international cricket throughout the year.


•Along with Babar, Australian women’s team wicketkeeper-batsman Alyssa Healy also bagged the ICC Women’s Player of The Month accolade for her incredible performances during the month of April. Healy’s consistency with the bat has played a significant role in Australia’s dominance. Healy has shown her class in all conditions and against all types of bowling in the recent series against New Zealand.

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GS SCORE FACT FILE- Major Economic Committees PDF

14:56

GS SCORE FACT FILE- Major Economic Committees PDF

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G7 meeting – Rebuilding the West

14:51

 What is the issue?

  • The Group of Seven (G7) countries held its ministerial meeting in London recently.
  • This comes as a signal that the West is rebuilding its unity and strength, as against the perception of a declining west.

What led to the notion of a declining west?

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The HINDU Notes – 11th May 2021

14:47

 


📰 One lakh tonnes of free food grain distributed so far under PMGKAY

In the first 10 days, grains have reached 2.03 crore of 80 crore beneficiaries: Food Ministry

•Out of the 40 lakh tonnes of free food grain promised under the Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana for May, one lakh tonnes have been distributed so far, Food Secretary Sudhanshu Pandey said on Monday.

•In the first 10 days, PMGKAY grains have reached 2.03 crore of the 80 crore beneficiaries, with 13 States and union territories having started distribution, according to the Ministry data provided in a virtual press briefing. The States which have started distribution of the 5 kg of free rice and wheat include Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Tripura and Uttarakhand.

•The progress is on expected lines, given the eight-month experience of implementing the PMGKAY during the first wave of COVID-19 in 2020, said Food Ministry Joint Secretary S. Jagannathan. He added that 34 States had already begun lifting food grains from the Food Corporation of India’s stock, and 15.5 lakh tonnes had been lifted so far.

•Asked about the needs of migrant workers affected by the lockdown, as well as others without ration cards, Mr. Pandey said that “this time, migrants are not facing that kind of crisis” as there was during last year’s lockdown. There was also no national lockdown this year, but only State and local lockdowns, he said, noting that migrants who reached home would be able to avail ration in their villages, while those still in the cities would make use of the ration card portability scheme. The Centre was also selling its food grain stock at a discounted rate to NGOs and to State governments for those with State ration cards, he said.

Plea by activists

•However, Right to Food activists have filed an intervention application in the Supreme Court’s suo motu case on migrant workers, saying that migrants are facing distress during the current local lockdowns as well, and seeking a resumption of last year’s scheme to give free food grains to those without ration cards as well. In an open letter to the Chief Justice on Monday seeking an urgent listing of their plea, petitioners Harsh Mander, Anjali Bhardwaj and Jagdeep Chhokar said payment of minimum wages as cash transfers and appropriate transport facilities for migrant workers were needed as well.

•With regard to edible oil prices, which had shot up over 50%, Mr. Pandey said the release of imported stock stuck at Kandla and Mundra ports due to COVID-19 related clearance issues would help to ease the situation.

📰 It’s a ‘different’ and ‘biggest’ COVID-19 vaccination drive, Centre tells SC

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